<i>Bacca quo vadis</i>: Regeneration niche differences among seven sympatric<i>Vaccinim</i>species on headlands of Newfoundland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract On headlands in Newfoundland, four of the seven sympatricVacciniumspecies co-occur frequently at the quadrat level in tundra communities. We hypothesized that differentiation at the regeneration niche level was a prerequisite for the coexistence of these sympatric congeners. After a description and quantification of parameters affecting whole berry and seed dispersal and those affecting seed germination, differentiation at these two levels of the regeneration niches of the sevenVacciniawas investigated using numerical clustering techniques. Differentiation patterns were similar in both the germination and the dispersal dendrograms; three species were most dissimilar (viz.V. angustifolium, V. boreale and V. uliginosum), and the remaining four were separated into single species groups at the 62% and 75% similarity levels by the germination and dispersal dendrograms, respectively. Overall, patterns reflect divergence in dispersal mechanisms and germination abilities among the seven species, in support of the thesis that sympatric congeners have varied regeneration strategies. Differences in the germination success observed after testing natural dispersal units (e.g. seed from scat and seed within whole berries) points to the need to conduct germination trials in ecologically relevant ways. This approach reveals how divergent regeneration strategies are possible in species having similar, palatable baccate fruits (e.g.V. angustifolium and V. uliginosum) and highlights our lack of insight into regeneration strategies of the groups. The cranberry seeds, despite germination success gauged by results from standard germination protocols, exhibit no germination in trials conducted with the natural dispersal unit, the whole berry.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".