Bearings-only tracking using data fusion and instrumental variables
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a recursive Measurement Instrumental Variables Bearings-Only Tracking (MIV-BOT) method for a stationary observer. A smoothing operation directly fuses multi-sensor bearing measurements by exchanging the measurements as the instruments in a pseudo linear estimator. The MIV-BOT formulation produces a smoothed velocity estimate parameterized to any position along the target trajectory, which is found from a single laser range finder measurement. Target range predictions, derived from the smoothed two-state velocity estimate, are then used as range measurements in two parallel Kalman filters. The result is a recursive, passive and unbiased fusion scheme. The theoretical development is investigated by Monte Carlo simulation in short tracking scenarios. Experimental results show that the fusion scheme produces reliable estimates for non-manoeuvring targets.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it