Disjunct eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) stands at its southern range boundary<sup>1</sup>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hart, J. L. and D. Shankman (Department of Geography, University of Alabama, Box 870322, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487). Disjunct eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) stands at its southern range boundary. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 132: 602–612. 2005.—Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) occurs throughout much of the Appalachian Mountains, extending from southern Quebec and Ontario southward to Georgia and along the Appalachian Plateau to Alabama. Eastern hemlock is one of the most dominant trees in Appalachian forests. Near its southern boundary in central Alabama, eastern hemlock occurs in small, isolated populations restricted to cool, moist slopes with north to east aspects and low and middle slope positions. Ten stands of eastern hemlock, believed to be the southernmost populations, were studied in order to determine reproductive viability and habitat characteristics. In each of the stands, eastern hemlock dominates the canopy and is present in a wide range of size and age classes. Eastern hemlock is most abundant in seedling size classes and the number of individuals generally decreases with increasing size. Population size, age, and vertical structure indicate that eastern hemlock stands at the species' southernmost boundary contain viable populations that are regenerating, even if highly localized. During the late Pleistocene and early Holocene, eastern hemlock likely had a broader distribution in the southern Appalachian Mountains. The remnants of this larger distribution are now restricted to steep slopes where a combination of sandstone outcrops, seepage, and springs maintain adequate microclimatic conditions needed for regeneration of the species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".