Magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray and dual X-ray absorptiometry techniques for assessment and monitoring of knee osteoarthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Healthy volunteers and patients with knee OA referred for assessment to a rheumatologist are invited to participate in the various studies. All patients are asked to complete preset questionnaires. Radiographs of the knee are performed postero-anteriorly in a standardized fixed-flexion position by trained technicians. Radiographs are subsequently digitized and analyzed for mJSW using an automated computer algorithm. A 1 T extremity MRI scanner is used for imaging each individual's knee. Sequences include a saggital T 1 -weighted, 3D spoiled gradient echo with fat saturation, a saggital T 1 -weighted fast spin echo (FSE), a coronal T 2 -weighted FSE and an axial FSE inversion recovery sequence. Quantitative cartilage measurements of normal and OA subjects' knees were obtained using a validated segmentation technique on both 1 T and 1.5 T MRI images. The 1 T extremity MRI scanner has been found to be reliable and of comparable precision in comparison with a 1.5 T whole-body scanner. The use of a fixed-flexion position and a computer algorithm to determine medial mJSW of the knee in patients having normal or osteoarthritic knees has been found to be reliable in both short-term and long-term studies. Forty-seven pairs of knee radiographs were assessed in the short-term study while 14 pairs in a long-term study were assessed. Reliability for both studies was measured by means of intraclass correlation coefficient and found to be 0.95–0.99 for both healthy subjects and those with OA. A cross-sectional study of 45 patients referred for assessment of knee pain is being completed. Data analyses will include comparison of pain scales, history and physical examination with MRI findings in the knee. Quantitative cartilage measurements using a 1 T office-based extremity MRI scanner have been found to be reliable and of comparable precision with those obtained using a 1.5 T whole-body MRI scanner. The use of a fixed-flexion radiographic technique for assessing mJSW has been found to be reliable in a long-term reproducibility study at our center. Early diagnosis and prompt assessments of patients with OA can be accessible using an office-based extremity MRI scanner and could prove to be a valuable clinical tool with the development of disease-modifying agents for the treatment of OA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".