Efficacy of the Steinernematid and Heterorhabditid Nematodes for Controlling the Mosquito, <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> Say (Diptera: Culicidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Entomopathogenic nematodes can be considered effective biocontrol agents of pest insects in aquatic habitat. Larvae of Culex quinquefsciatus Say were exposed to infective juveniles of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora , H. indica , Steinernema carpocapsae , and S. feltiae under laboratory conditions. The bioassay studies revealed the suppressive role of H. bacteriophora and H. indica nematode in controlling the mosquito, C. quinquefasciatus . They successfully established themselves in the host cadaver and produced infective juveniles. On the other hand, both S. carpocapsae and S. feltiae failed to establish in the host larvae or attain significant host mortality values. This is the first report of parasitism of entomopathogenic nematodes isolates from Egypt against larvae of C. quinquefasciatus , with promising results. Therefore, further studies must be carried out to determine if these nematodes would be effective as autochthonous agents for the control of Culex sp. and other mosquitoes of sanitary interest.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".