Experimental Determination of CaO–CrO–Cr <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> –MgO–SiO <sub>2</sub> and Thermodynamic Modeling of the CrO–Cr <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> –MgO–SiO <sub>2</sub> System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article focuses on the CaO–CrO x –MgO–SiO 2 system at low CaO contents, providing quantitative phase relation data, and improving the thermodynamic description. The observed liquidus data are compared with literature data and state‐of‐the‐art thermodynamic calculations (FactSage 5.5). The experimental phase diagram measurements are performed under various conditions: (1) liquidus of CaO–CrO x –MgO–SiO 2 at a basicity CaO/SiO 2 =0.5 (by weight), at 1500°C and at a partial oxygen pressure p O 2 =10 −11.04 atm, (2) liquidus of CaO–CrO x –MgO–SiO 2 at 1600°C and p O 2 =10 −9.36 atm with constant molar ratio Mg/Cr of 1/2 and varying basicity, (3) phase equilibria of the CrO–Cr 2 O 3 –MgO–SiO 2 system at 1600°C and p O 2 ranging from air to equilibrium with metallic chromium. In the experiments, equilibrium samples of crystalline phases and melts are analyzed by electron probe microanalysis using wavelength dispersive spectroscopy to determine both solid and liquid compositions. Some discrepancies from previous literature data and calculations are found. In order to improve the thermodynamic calculations, a new thermodynamic model of the CrO–Cr 2 O 3 –MgO–SiO 2 system is also developed using the Modified Quasichemical Model for the liquid and the compound energy formalism for the solid solution phases. The newly optimized model parameters can describe the present experimental data and literature data more accurately.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".