Is 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) associated with long-term outcomes in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)? Results from SERAPHIN
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Macitentan's effect on 6MWD and the association between 6MWD and the long-term outcome of PAH-related death or hospitalisation (PAHDH) were explored in SERAPHIN ( NCT00660179 ) where 742 PAH patients were randomised to placebo, macitentan 3 or 10mg q.d. Repeated measures analysis was performed on 6MWD changes from baseline (BL) at Months 3, 6, 12. In patients with available data for 6MWD at Month 6, hazard ratios measured associations between interquartile ranges of BL 6MWD, 6MWD changes, or Month 6 values (±adjustment for significant covariates) and the risk of PAHDH from Month 6. 6MWD benefit was sustained with macitentan vs placebo over 12 months (3mg: +21.5m [95%CI 10.0–33.0]; P=0.0003 and 10mg: +25.4m [95%CI 13.8–37.0]; P<0.0001). Lower BL 6MWD and Month 6 values were associated with PAHDH risk. Absolute value at Month 6 lost its association when adjusted for BL 6MWD and sex. Neither adjusted nor non-adjusted changes in 6MWD from BL to Month 6 were associated with PAHDH risk. Association of 6MWD with PAHDH risk 6MWD Interquartile ranges (m) Hazard ratio* (95%) CI Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q2vsQ1 Q3vsQ1 Q4vsQ1 Baseline ≤300 >300-≤372 >372-≤430 >430 0.56 (0.39-0.79) 0.39 (0.27-0.57) 0.23 (0.15-0.36) Changes at Month 6 ≤-9 >-9-≤20 >20-≤57 >57 1.02 (0.60-1.72) 1.01 (0.59-1.73) 1.37 (0.83-2.27) Changes at Month 6† ≤-9 >-9-≤20 >20-≤57 >57 0.96 (0.57-1.62) 0.76 (0.44-1.32) 0.82 (0.48-1.04) Absolute at Month 6 ≤348 >348-≤400 >400-≤455 >455 0.55 (0.35-0.87) 0.40 (0.24-0.64) 0.33 (0.19-0.55) Absolute at Month 6† ≤348 >348-≤400 >400-≤455 >455 0.73 (0.44-1.20) 0.63 (0.35-1.13) 0.60 (0.30-1.20) *Using Cox proportional model; †Adjusted for baseline 6MWD and sex
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".