Lactoferrin, a key molecule in immune and inflammatory processes<sup>1</sup>This article is part of Special Issue entitled Lactoferrin and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) belongs to the family of antimicrobial molecules that constitute the principal defense line of nonvertebrate organisms. In human immunity, their roles are considerably extended, and actually exceed mere direct antimicrobial properties. As a result, Lf is involved in both innate and adaptive immunities where its modulating effects not only help the host fight against microbes but also protect the host against harmful effects of inflammation. Such beneficial effects have been noticed in studies using dietary Lf, without the experimenters always explaining the exact modes of action of Lf. Effects on mucosal and systemic immunities are indeed often observed, which make the roles of Lf tricky to decipher. It is now known that the immunomodulatory properties of Lf are due to its ability to interact with numerous cellular and molecular targets. At the cellular level, Lf modulates the migration, maturation, and functions of immune cells. At the molecular level, in addition to iron binding, interactions of Lf with a plethora of compounds, either soluble or cell-surface molecules, account for its modulatory properties. This paper reviews our current understanding of the mechanisms that explain the regulatory properties of Lf in immune and inflammatory processes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it