Expression of toll-like receptor 9 in lungs of pigs, dogs and cattle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important components of the innate immune system. Compared with other TLRs such as TLR4, there is less data on the expression and function of TLR9, which binds to unmethylated DNA. Because there is no data on the cell-specific protein expression of TLR9 in lungs of cattle, dog and pigs, and pulmonary diseases are the major cause of economic losses, we studied TLR9 expression in lungs using Western blotting, immunohistology and immuno-electron microscopy. We characterized a mouse TLR9 antibody to detect TLR9 in lung extracts from pigs, dogs, and cattle. The TLR9 peptide used to raise the mouse TLR9 antibody had significant homology with TLR9 amino acid sequences from these species. Light and electron microscopic immunostaining localized TLR9 in airway epithelium, vascular endothelium, alveolar macrophages, and pulmonary intravascular monocytes/macrophages in all three species. These data are of potential importance for the understanding of pulmonary immune responses in these veterinary species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".