2,2-Dimethyl-5-[3-(diphenylstannyl) propyl]-1,3-dioxolan-4-one
Bibliographic record
Abstract
[410098-22-5] C20H24O3Sn (MW 431.10) InChI = 1S/C8H13O3.2C6H5.Sn.H/c1-4-5-6-7(9)11-8(2,3)10-6;2*1-2-4-6-5-3-1;;/h6H,1,4-5H2,2-3H3;2*1-5H;; InChIKey = PUVIBBRSMWZAIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (title reagent behaves similar to Bu3SnH and Ph3SnH in standard free radical reactions,1 but the tin-containing by-products can be removed easily from the desired reaction products by mild hydrolysis under basic or acidic conditions1) Physical Data: colorless oil. Solubility: soluble in common organic solvents; usually used in benzene or toluene. Preparative Methods: 2-hydroxy-4-pentenoic acid,2 prepared from glyoxylic acid hydrate, is ketalized using 2,2-dimethoxypropane and TsOH·pyridine; the ketal is hydrostannylated by heating with an excess of triphenyltin hydride, and treatment of the resulting stannane with 1 equiv of I2,3 followed by reduction with sodium borohydride, gives the title compound. Purification: rapid flash chromatography over silica gel, using 1:4 ethyl acetate–hexane, affords the stannane as a colorless oil.1 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: the compound can be stored1 for several months in a freezer (−10 °C) in a sealed flask flushed with nitrogen, without significant decomposition, and is easily repurified, if necessary, by flash chromatography. The toxicity of this compound has not been studied and, as a precaution, work with this compound should be done in a fume hood and skin contact should be avoided.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".