Integrated front-end preamplifier dedicated to ultrasonic receivers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper concerns the design and implementation of an integrated front-end preamplifier dedicated to ultrasonic receivers. A new preamplification technique composed of a logarithmic amplifier and followed by a programmable-gain amplifier is proposed. The logarithmic amplifier, based on a True Logarithmic Amplifier (TLA) technique, largely amplifies small amplitude signals, and moderately the large amplitude ones. The programmable-gain amplifier, based on Timing Gain Compensator (TGC), is used to compensate signal attenuation caused by its traveling several human body tissues. Spectre simulations of both the TLA and TGC show unity gain bandwidths of 100 MHz and 127 MHz respectively when driving a load of 1 pF. The implementation of this system (TLA, TGC) is done using CMOS 0.35 /spl mu/m technology. The total chip area is 7.2 mm/sup 2/ including the digital part needed to program the TGC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".