On the horizontal advection and biogeochemical impacts of North Atlantic mode waters and boundary currents
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using a combination of hydrographic data and the trajectories and profiles of isobaric floats, this dissertation evaluates the connections between remote regions in the North Atlantic. First, I establish that the production and advection of the North Atlantic Subtropical Mode Water (STMW) introduces spatial and temporal variability in the subsurface nutrient reservoir of the subtropical gyre. As the mode water is formed, its nutrients are depleted by biological utilization. When the depleted water mass is exported to the gyre, it injects a wedge of low-nutrient water into the upper layers of the ocean. Contrary to intuition, cold winters that promote deep convective mixing and vigorous mode water formation may diminish downstream primary productivity by altering the subsurface delivery of nutrients. Next, the source of elevated nutrient concentrations in the Gulf Stream is assessed. The historical hydrographic data suggest that imported water advected into the Gulf Stream via the tropics supplies an important source of nutrients to the Gulf Stream. Because the high nutrients are likely imported from the tropics, diapycnal mixing need not be invoked to explain the Gulf Stream's high nutrient concentrations, as had been previously hypothesized. Furthermore, nutrients do not increase along the length of the Stream, as would be expected with strong diapycnal mixing.Finally, profiling float data are used to investigate how the Labrador Sea Water enters the Deep Western Boundary Current, one of the primary pathways by which it exits the subpolar gyre. With the trajectories and profiles of an extensive array of P-ALACE floats I evaluate three processes for their role in the entry of Labrador Sea Water in the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC): 1) LSW is formed directly in the DWBC, 2) Eddies flux LSW laterally from the interior Labrador Sea to the DWBC, and 3) A horizontally divergent mean flow advects LSW from the interior to the DWBC. Each of the three processes has the potential to remove heat from the boundary current, and both the formation of LSW directly in the boundary current and the eddy heat flux are possible sources of interannual variability in the exported LSW product.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".