Orientation of solar wind dynamic pressure phase fronts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Orientation of structures in the solar wind plays an important role when attempting to use upstream observations at L1 for prediction of subsequent conditions near the Earth. In this study, the relationship between solar wind dynamic pressure forcing and geosynchronous magnetic field response is used to determine a very large set of lagged correlations between the ACE and GOES satellites. Effects due to tilted solar wind structures are explored using the dispersion of arrival times relative to a simple phase plane model. Assuming that structure phase‐front normal vectors were located in the GSE‐ xy plane, we found a characteristic azimuth of 15°. Similar analysis carried out with velocity scaling according to the Parker spiral model did not produce an improved fit. Binning by average interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation produced a clear pattern in characteristic azimuth, with phase‐front normals perpendicular to both the predominant Parker spiral orientation and the less common ortho‐spiral configuration. An empirical relationship was found to predict phase‐front normal azimuth over the entire range of observed IMF azimuths. The effects of lateral displacement from the Sun‐Earth line in the GSE‐ z direction are comparable to those for GSE‐ y , indicating that solar wind structures are often significantly inclined with respect to the ecliptic plane.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".