The effect of low dose methotrexate on bone density.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: High dose methotrexate (MTX) has been linked with bone loss in oncology patients. However, it is unclear whether longterm low dose MTX used in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis is associated with bone loss. We compared the effect of low dose MTX on bone density in prospectively recruited patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis (Ps/PsA). METHODS: Thirty RA patients and 30 Ps/PsA patients taking MTX were compared to controls not taking MTX (30 with RA, 27 Ps/PsA). Bone mineral density (BMD) of the radius, lumbar spine, trochanter, and femoral neck was measured using Lunar dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Student t tests were used to detect differences in bone density (using Z scores) of the MTX group versus controls for both the RA and Ps/PsA groups. Analysis of covariance was used to examine for confounders including disease duration, disease activity, age, and sex. RESULTS: BMD of the radius/femoral neck/trochanter did not differ significantly between the MTX treated groups and controls when analyzed by Z scores. The mean difference between the MTX group and controls of the femoral neck was 0.040 (95% CI -0.40, 0.12) and 0.060 (95% CI -0.30, 0.15) for the RA and Ps/PsA groups, respectively. The absolute BMD of the lumbar spine (L2-L4) was higher in the RA MTX group than in controls. Analysis of covariance did not reveal an effect of study group on bone density. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that low dose MTX does not have a negative effect on bone density, at either cortical or trabecular sites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".