Environmental, geotechnical, and hydraulic behaviour of a cellulose-rich by-product used as alternative cover material
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deinking by-product (DBP), a cellulose-rich by-product produced in the early stages of the paper recycling process, has been used as alternative material for the construction of cover systems for municipal waste disposal facilities and acid-producing mine residues. Because of the high organic content of this material, covers constructed with it are susceptible to biodegradation and, thus, to changes in their properties with time. With the goal of identifying the biodegradation parameters that could influence the long-term behaviour of DBP covers, an experimental laboratory program was developed and a series of 15 samples of DBP were monitored in biodegradation tests for 400 d. Periods of intermittent water percolation allowed for collection of leachate. The evolution of gas and leachate production was monitored in terms of quality and quantity. According to the results obtained, the hydraulic and geomechanical properties of importance for a cover do not seem to be adversely affected by the level of biodegradation of the DBP or by mass loss. Key words: cover systems, deinking by-products, biodegradation, mass loss by gas production, mass loss by leaching.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".