Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many observers have noted that over the next several decades, large and unprecedented shifts will occur in the demographic make up of all of the major industrialized countries. And this demographic change will affect the pattern of consumption and its behaviour. The fraction of the population in Japan that is elderly and single family will be growing dramatically, while the fraction of the population made up of children will decline. Japan began the postwar period with a far lower fraction of elderly population than the rest of the G7, but it overtakes the US and Canada between 1990 and 1995, and the rest of the G7 in 2005. The overall rate of population growth in Japan will become negative. This change can be expected to have large economic effects, the Japanese consumption pattern and its behaviour per se. In this paper, we examine the effect of the Japanese demographic change on the consumption pattern and its behaviour, and found that the demographic change will affect the pattern of consumption behaviour over the last two decades. We expect that the future demographic change will affect the pattern of consumption and its related industries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".