An Overview of Water Quality Issues in Cambodia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cambodia is amongst the poorest countries in the world, ranking 130 of 175 countries in the 2002 Human Development Index, as reported by the United Nations (www.un.org.kh/rcsystem/). The GDP per capita in 2002 was US$275 (www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2732pr.htm). Life expectancy for men is around 54 and for women is 59, which reflects various factors, including high infant mortality rate and low living standards. Mortality due to waterborne diseases in Cambodia is high and is a situation that could be improved through better sanitary conditions and education. Cambodia also faces challenges related to population demographics (43% of the population is aged 15 or less) and the decimation of the skilled/educated sector of society during the Khmer Rouge period of 1975 -79 (Gottesman, 2003)). Estimates of the genocide vary, but Kiernan (1999) suggested about 1.67 million people, or 21% of the population perished during this period.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".