Potential role of calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase in human brain tumor (Review)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A wealth of knowledge exists regarding calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase (PDE1) in normal mammalian tissues. However, much remains to be known about the enzyme in human brain tumors (glioblastoma multiforme, GBM). PDE1 has not been investigated in GBM relative to normal brain and remains an important area of investigation. In this review, we have summarized the works that have been carried out in our laboratory on the potential role of PDE1 in GBM. In the normal brain, PDE1 is localized in all four principal parts of the brain: cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem and cerebellum. Specifically, PDE1 is concentrated in anatomically distinct regions of the brain including the striatum, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, subiculum, Purkinjie cells, the external layer of the developing cerebellum and the cerebral cortex. In contrast, PDE1 is found to be very low in the GBM tissue compared to normal cerebral cortex tissue. However, the discovery of an inhibitor in the tumor tissue is interesting and definitely warrants further investigation, particularly, in relation to its possible interaction with PDE1.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".