Structure and Morphology of Co Nanoparticles Deposited onto Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite
Bibliographic record
Abstract
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy have been used to study Co nanoparticles evaporated onto freshly cleaved highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surfaces. XPS chemical characterization employed symmetrical line shapes and was carried out as functions of the amount of Co deposited and of the time subsequent to deposition. The nominal amounts of evaporated Co ranged from 0.5 to 175 Å. On analyzing the relationships among the Co2p, C1s, and O1s spectra, we found that evaporated Co reacts not only with HOPG surface defects (including oxidized carbon contaminant groups), but also with residual C- and O-containing species present in the vacuum chamber. Both carbide and oxide are produced as surface layers around each nanoparticle, stabilizing them and preventing further coalescence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".