An experimental study of mounds formed by dumping coarse sediment in channel flow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The development of large sediment mounds formed by continuous release of coarse materials in flowing water is reported. Growths of mound height, longitudinal profile and areal extent were examined for three flow conditions. Longitudinal profiles of depositions during the development phase of the mounds were approximately similar, and they can be expressed by an exponential function if scaled with the maximum height and a width parameter. From observations, it appeared that the mound peak shifted gradually towards upstream and followed the outer part of the sediment plume. The heap growth can be expressed as a function of buoyancy flux due to sediment disposal, flow momentum and densimetric particle Froude number. The deposition height increased with normalized time until reaching close to the water surface. The width and area developed faster with normalized time than the height. The deposition area with coarse sediment was characterized by a downstream tail and fin-like extensions on the sides which differed from observations in previous experiments with fine sand.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".