Craniofacial variability and morphological integration in mice susceptible to cleft lip and palate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A/WySnJ mice are an inbred strain that develops cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) with a frequency of 25-30% and a predominantly unilateral expression pattern. As in humans, the pattern of incomplete penetrance, and variable and frequent unilateral expression suggests a role for altered regulation of variability (developmental stability, canalization and developmental integration) during growth. We compared both mean and variability parameters for craniofacial shape and size among A/WySnJ mice, a strain that does not develop CL/P (C57BL/6J) and their F1 cross. We show that adult A/WySnJ mice that do not express cleft lip exhibit decreased morphological integration of the cranium and that the co-ordination of overall shape and size variation is disrupted compared with both C57BL/6J mice and the F1 cross. The decrease in integration is most pronounced in the palate and face. The absence of this pattern in the F1 cross suggests that it is determined by recessive genetic factors. By contrast, the shape differences between the strains, which are thought to predispose A/WySnJ mice to CL/P, show a range of dominance which suggests a polygenic basis. We suggest that decreased integration of craniofacial growth may be an aetiological factor for CL/P in A/WySnJ mice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".