Photometric Variability of the B8Iae Supergiant Variable HD 199478 (HR 8020)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have obtained differential uvby and UBV photometry of the B8Iae variable HD 199478 (HR 8020) over 2500 days, in order to study the photometric variability of this star, and to compare it with various aspects of the spectroscopic variability. The total peak-to-peak amplitude was about 0.15 mag in each filter. Color variability was present, but complex. The photometric data were analyzed using self-correlation and Fourier analysis; the latter was hampered by the complexity of the variability, and by the presence of two annual seasonal gaps in the data. Although the variability was not strictly periodic, there are characteristic time scales of 20 days, and occasionally 50 days, in many seasons. These are consistent with the time scales of spectroscopic variability. There was no obvious photometric counterpart to the unusual spectroscopic behavior in 2000 October. We discuss the results in the context of recent theoretical studies of hot supergiant variability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".