Limits to radiative acceleration calculations: lithium and iron
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The accuracy with which it is possible to calculate theoretically the positions of energy levels and the low density (in frequency) of the grid on which opacity sampling is calculated both limit the accuracy with which the effect of blends can be determined. For species such as Fe for which a large number of transitions are involved in calculations, this leads to a small effect since, statistically, cancellations occur. However the effect can be large for an element such as Li with only a few transitions contributing to its radiative acceleration, grad(Li), at any given stellar radius. In particular, the Fe lines are shown to modify grad(Li) in and below the Fe convection zone but the modification depends on Fe level positions. This is analyzed quantitatively here using the OPAL data base. The grad(Li) are found to be uncertain by a factor of 2 in Pop I stars but of 1.03 in Pop II stars.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".