Dynamics of soil water-extractable organic C following application of dairy cattle manures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Water-extractable organic C (WEOC) is a determinant driver of several soil and environmental processes, and can be influenced by management practices such as organic amendment. Our objective was to study the dynamics of soil WEOC following application of liquid and solid dairy cattle manures to a loamy and a clay soil under field conditions. Manures were applied in 2 consecutive years to silage corn fields at rates equivalent to 150 kg total N ha-1. Soil WEOC was monitored the day after application and weekly or biweekly thereafter in manured and control (mineral fertilizers) plots. Liquid and solid manure S brought on average 39 and 13 g WEOC m-2, respectively. These amounts are much larger than the increases measured in soil WEOC during the hours and days following manure application (0 to 30 mg kg-1, equivalent to 0 to 3 g m-2). Moreover, manure addition had little effects in the 10- to 30-cm soil layer. The rapid and extensive adsorption of manure WEOC onto mineral surfaces likely explains the limited effects of manure on soil WEOC. This adsorption process was presumably exacerbated by the mixing of manure and soil resulting from the tillage operation. Soil temperature and respiration appeared to have determinant influence on the level of soil WEOC content in the post-harvest period. Overall, temporal variations in soil WEOC contents were large and generally greater than the fluctuations directly attributable to manure addition. Key words: Soil organic C, extractable C, dairy manure, silage corn
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".