Acute Postdialysis Changes in Plasma ICAM-1 and IL-1 Levels in Hemodialysis Patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fifty subjects: 20 controls and 30 hemodialysis patients were included in the study. The acute changes in plasma ICAM-1 and IL-1β levels immediately after dialysis were evaluated using two types of membranes and two types of dialysate. The predialysis ICAM-1 level in the whole patients was significantly higher than controls, while that of IL-1β was significantly lower. The postdialysis ICAM-1 showed insignificant higher level than the predialysis one, while that of IL-1β showed significant higher level than both the predialysis and control levels. Both postdialysis ICAM-1 and IL-1β levels in patients using cuprophane membrane (bioincompatible) showed insignificant higher levels than in those using polysulfone one (biocompatible). The percent increase in ICAM-1 level did not significantly differ in these two subgroups, while the percent increase in IL-1β level showed significantly higher value in those using bioincompatible membrane (108%) than that in those using biocompatible membrane (44%). No significant difference in the levels of either ICAM-1 or IL-1β were found between patients using acetate and bicarbonate dialysate. Conclusion: the bioincompatibility of the membrane is the important factor in the occurrence of the acute reaction during hemodialysis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".