Effects of Monensin on Zooplankton Communities in Aquatic Microcosms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of monensin, an antibiotic widely used in the poultry and beef industry, were evaluated on zooplankton community structure and population dynamics. Monensin was added to 12 000 L aquatic microcosms as a single treatment at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 500 microg/L, and they were evaluated over a 50 day period. Changes in the zooplankton assemblage were evaluated by principal response curves (PRC), while changes in abundance and species richness were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Monensin did not significantly affect community structure. However, significant changes within specific taxonomic groups were observed with decreases in the abundance of Rotifera and Copepoda nauplii and in the richness of Rotifera and Cladocera. Concentration-dependent increases in Ostracoda abundance were also observed. Changes in chlorophyll-a concentrations within the microcosms over the course of the study indicated that the changes in zooplankton populations were the indirect result of the effects of monensin on the algal community. Monensin concentrations measured in surface waters were 40 times lower than the determined no-observable effect concentration (NOEC) of 50 microg/L and do not likely present a risk to zooplankton.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".