A multi-functional polyhydroxybutyrate nanoparticle for theranostic applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Biopolymer-based multi-functional nanoparticles have been developed through a one-step enzymatic polymerization reaction using engineered polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase fused with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and a single chain variable fragment antibody (A33scFv) specific to colon cancer. PHA synthase possesses unique catalytic characteristics, namely covalent catalysis, by which the synthesized polyhydroxybutyrate chain remains covalently attached to the enzyme. The amphiphilic nature of the resulting protein-polymer hybrid gives rise to spontaneous self-assembly into a micellar structure with GFP and A33scFv displayed on the surface (AGPHB nanoparticle). A model compound, Nile red, was loaded into the hydrophobic core of the AGPHB nanoparticle during the polymerization and self-assembly process. The specificity of the fluorescent multi-functional AGPHB nanoparticle towards the colon cancer cell lines SW1222 (A33+) and HT29 (A33-) was confirmed and analysed quantitatively in vitro. This new biological approach provides a simple means of producing nanocarriers with a range of surface functionality and the sizes desired for imaging and targeted drug delivery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".