Effects of Proposed Well-Graded Aggregate Gradations on Frost Durability of Concrete
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract More stringent gradation requirements than found in ASTM C 33 are sometimes specified to provide a more well-graded particle size distribution, presumably reducing voids, improving workability, thereby reducing water demand, and requiring less cement. Little information is available regarding the effects of gradation on frost durability. A two-phase study examined the effects of selected aggregate gradations on water demand, selected mechanical properties, and deicer salt scaling resistance. In the first phase, the effects of the “8-to-18” combined aggregate gradation, using crushed stone and natural sand, were examined. In the second phase, the effects of fine aggregate gradation were examined for manufactured sands with different angularities. This study found that water demand and deicer salt scaling were both compromised using the “8-to-18” approach. Little, if any, real difference in water demand and scaling resistance between well-graded and uniformly graded manufactured sands was found, however, angularity did have a significant effect.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".