Temporally-resolved hydrodynamics in the vicinity of a vibrating ionic polymer metal composite
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we study the hydrodynamics induced by an ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) cantilever vibrating in a quiescent fluid. Time-resolved particle image velocimetry is used to measure the velocity field in the vicinity of the vibrating IPMC strip and a control volume analysis is utilized to estimate the thrust production per unit IPMC width. The governing fluid dynamics dimensionless parameters are varied parametrically to ascertain the influence of the Reynolds number, the peak tip displacement to IPMC length ratio, and the IPMC aspect ratio. It is found that the Reynolds number is the dominant parameter in determining the thrust produced by the IPMC, while the relative tip displacement and aspect ratio play secondary roles. An increase in the relative tip displacement has a minimal effect on the produced thrust, while an increase in the aspect ratio results in a mild decrease in thrust production. It is further found that estimating the thrust from the mean velocity field significantly underpredicts the thrust estimate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".