Net flux of folates and vitamin B<sub>12</sub> through the gastrointestinal tract of sheep
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Trial 1, three wethers were equipped with ruminal and caecal cannulas, catheters in the right ruminal and caecal veins and a mesenteric artery, as well as blood flow probes around the right ruminal and caecal arteries. Blood samples were collected every 15 min from 30 min before to 60 min after the injection of 9 μmol of folic acid and vitamin B12 per kilogram body weight (BW) in the rumen and after injection of half this dose in the caecum. There was a net release of these vitamins from the rumen shortly after the injection (P < 0.05). In Trial 2, four wethers were equipped with a ruminal cannula, catheters in the right ruminal, mesenteric and portal veins and a mesenteric artery and blood flow probes around the right ruminal and the mesenteric arteries and the portal vein. Blood samples were taken 30 and 60 min before, and 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 min after the intraruminal injection of 0.32 g of folic acid and 0.98 g of vitamin B12. In Trial 3, blood samples were taken from two wethers previously used in Trial 2, before and 10, 40, 70 and 100 min after the intraruminal injection of 0.32 g of folic acid. These intraruminal injections led to a net release of the vitamins from the mesenteric and portal-drained viscera (P ≤ 0.17) but also from the other gastrointestinal tissues, probably mostly from the duodenum. Therefore, in sheep, the main site of absorption for folic acid is the proximal intestine whereas the absorption of vitamin B12 appears in a more distal part of the small intestine. Key words: Sheep, folic acid, vitamin B12, absorption
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".