EVIDENCE OF APOPTOSIS IN THE CASTRATION-INDUCED ATROPHY OF THE RAT LEVATOR ANI MUSCLE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Apoptosis or programmed cell death has been previously reported in androgen-responsive tissue such as the prostate. We tested the hypothesis that apoptosis may also represent a component of the castration-induced atrophy of the sexually dimorphic levator ani (LA) muscle of the male rat. Gonadectomy (GDX) induced a severe decrease in the LA muscle wet weight accompanied by important modifications in cytoarchitecture including an increase in myofibrillar interspace and condensed mitochondria. These alterations were almost completely reversed after 7 days of testosterone propionate replacement therapy (GDX + TP). In GDX rats, internucleosomal DNA fragmentation was confirmed by both agarose gel electrophoresis and electron microscopy. DNA fragmentation was no longer detected in GDX + TP rats. In GDX rats, overexpression of the trpm-2/clusterin gene, used as an early marker of apoptosis, further confirmed that an apoptotic response, typical of androgen-responsive tissues, is taking place following androgen withdrawal.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".