Potential impact of spinosad on parasitoids of <i>Mamestra configurata</i> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The effects of the biologically derived insecticide spinosad on parasitoids of Mamestra configurata Walker were studied. Adult Trichogramma inyoense Pinto and Oatman (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), an egg parasitoid, were as susceptible to a dose of 0.125 μg/cm 2 as they were to a high dose of 2.0 μg/cm 2 . Application of spinosad to host eggs at the time of oviposition resulted in significantly reduced T . inyoense parasitism and higher parasitoid mortality in parasitized eggs. Adult Microplitis mediator (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a larval endoparasitoid, were highly susceptible at the highest dose tested, 1.0 μg/cm 2 . Spinosad at 2.0 μg/cm 2 fed to larval M . configurata parasitized with M . mediator 1 and 7 d previous caused similar mortality to that for nonparasitized larvae. At a dose of 0.125 μg/cm 2 , only larvae parasitized 1 d previously showed mortalities similar to those of nonparasitized larvae, whereas larvae parasitized 7 d previously were not affected by this low dose. Larval M . mediator that egressed from hosts parasitized 7 d previously and treated with the low dose were unable to complete cocoon formation and died. This study suggests that integrated pest management programs for M . configurata in canola should include evaluating the presence and abundance of parasitoids.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".