Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present results of propagation measurements (over 545 m and 5.7 km paths) carried out with a pulsed laser beam (12 ns pulse width) at a wavelength of 3.7 um under sunny and cloudy atmospheric conditions. The objective of the study was to evaluate, for these distances, the effects of atmospheric turbulence on the deposited power levels achievable on targets having diameters of a few tens of mm. Measurements of scintillation levels, probability distributions, and durations of intervals where the power level stays continuously above or below its mean value were carried out. The results show that, for all atmospheric conditions encountered, the lognormal probability distribution can be used to correctly describe the probability of obtaining some given power levels. Also, the statistics of continuous time intervals spent above and below the mean power are shown to follow an exponential probability distribution. Experimental results relating the mean durations of these intervals to the scintillation levels, the wind speeds, and the probability distribution of collected power levels are also presented. These results could help in determining the source power required to ensure a given level of exposure on targets with a pre-determined probability, taking into account the reaction times of the targets.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".