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Record W1967534825 · doi:10.5589/m10-078

Targets, methods, and sites for assessing the in-flight spatial resolution of electro-optical data products

2010· article· en· W1967534825 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian Journal of Remote Sensing · 2010
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicCalibration and Measurement Techniques
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersStennis Space Center
KeywordsOptical transfer functionImage resolutionGround sample distancePoint spread functionSample (material)Range (aeronautics)Image qualityRemote sensingComputer scienceNoise (video)Resolution (logic)GeographyImage (mathematics)Computer visionOpticsArtificial intelligencePhysicsPixelEngineering

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

AbstractThe spatial resolution of a digital, electro-optical remote sensing imaging system or product is an important image quality characteristic that helps determine the utility of an imaging source. Although spatial resolution is often described by a single image quality parameter, the ground sample distance, there are several other parameters that affect image sharpness and need to be considered. These other parameters are associated with the point-spread function, signal-to-noise ratio, and dynamic range of the image product. This review paper covers the various approaches to in-flight measurement of spatial resolution parameters, including ground sample distance, point spread function, optical transfer function, modulation transfer function, far field response, and edge response and their significance, as well as target types and methods to determine these spatial resolution parameters. To this end, the paper lists and describes various targets found across the world, as well as astronomical ones. These targets are appropriate for evaluating a wide range of image scale products. For high spatial resolution imaging systems, the types of targets range from engineered fixed and deployable targets to agricultural and urban features, allowing almost any site to be used for determining spatial resolution. Independent, comprehensive image product evaluation sites that are currently in use in the US and Europe are also described.La résolution spatiale d'un système imageur numérique électro-optique de télédétection ou d'un produit dérivé est une caractéristique importante de la qualité de l'image qui permet de déterminer l'utilité d'une source imageante. Bien que la résolution spatiale soit souvent définie à partir d'un seul paramètre de qualité d'image, la résolution au sol, il y a plusieurs autres paramètres qui affectent la netteté de l'image et qui méritent d'être pris en considération. Ces autres paramètres sont associés à la fonction d'étalement du point, au rapport signal sur bruit et à la dynamique du produit image. Dans cet article de synthèse, on présente les différentes approches utilisées pour la mesure en vol des paramètres de la résolution spatiale incluant la résolution au sol, la fonction d'étalement du point, la fonction de transfert optique, la fonction de transfert de modulation, la réponse de champ lointain et l'effet de lisière ainsi que leur signification, de même que les types de cibles et les méthodes pour déterminer ces paramètres de la résolution spatiale. À cette fin, on énumère et on décrit dans l'article les diverses cibles rencontrées à travers le monde de même que les cibles astronomiques. Ces cibles sont appropriées pour l'évaluation d'une large gamme de produits à l'échelle de l'image. Pour les systèmes imageur à haute résolution spatiale, les types de cibles varient des cibles fixes et déployables aux cibles caractéristiques du milieu agricole et urbain, ce qui permet d'utiliser presque n'importe quel site pour déterminer la résolution spatiale. On décrit également les sites indépendants et intégrés pour l'évaluation des produits images présentement utilisés aux États-Unis et en Europe.[Traduit par la Rédaction] AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank Gyanesh Chander and Philippe Teillet for their efforts as guest editors of this special issue. The authors appreciate the time and efforts of Ulrich Beisl of Leica-Geosystems, Juergen Hefele of Intergraph ZI Deutschland GmbH, Michael Gruber of Microsoft Photogrammetry, and Adam Evans and Joseph Kosofsky of Applanix for graciously assisting in providing target and site information. The authors also thank Brett Thomassie and DigitalGlobe for providing spatial resolution target imagery.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Methods · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.396
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.038
GPT teacher head0.302
Teacher spread0.264 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it