The Possibilities and Problems of Transferring North American Approaches to Europe in Examining Urban Environments and Obesity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
La plupart des études nord-américaines disponibles sur les liens entre environnement urbain et obésité font état de corrélations entre l’obésité et l’étalement urbain, la motorisation et les contextes urbains non propices à la marche. La possibilité du transfert de ces résultats au cas européen reste cependant à établir. Pour cela, trois terrains de recherche, situés au Luxembourg, en Allemagne et en France ont été analysés. L’étude de ces cas, dont les échelles et les contextes urbains diffèrent, remet en question la transposabilité au cas européen des approches nord-américaines. Les caractéristiques que nous avons étudiées : étalement urbain, motorisation, et « marchabilité » ne semblent pas jouer un rôle décisif dans les cas européens étudiés. Les différences de morphologie urbaine et de fonctionnement de la ville entre l’Europe Occidentale d’une part, et l’ensemble États-Unis/Canada d’autre part, entrent sans doute pour une bonne part dans ce résultat.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.040 | 0.033 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.010 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".