Herbivory of maize by southern corn rootworm induces expression of the major intrinsic protein<i><i>ZmNIP1;1</i></i>and leads to the discovery of a novel aquaporin<i><i>ZmPIP2;8</i></i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aquaporins channel water and other neutral molecules through cell membranes. Aquaporin gene expression is subject to transcriptional control and can be modulated by factors affecting water balance such as salt, abscisic acid and drought. During infestation of maize by southern corn rootworm (SCR), an insect that chews into and significantly damages maize roots, three maize aquaporins were differentially expressed upon prolonged infestation. Using a brief infestation of maize roots ZmNIP1;1 transcript abundance again increased under infestation while expression of a new aquaporin, ZmPIP2;8 and ZmTIP2;2 expression did not change. Since ZmPIP2;8 has not been described previously, the deduced protein sequence was analyzed in silico and found to contain the hallmarks of plant aquaporins, with a predicted protein structure similar to other functionally characterized PIP2s. NIPs characterized to date have been implicated in facilitating the movement of a variety of small molecules, while TIPs and PIPs often have the capacity to facilitate trans-membrane movement of water. Functional assays (using heterologous expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes) of ZmTIP2;2 and ZmPIP2;8 confirmed that these aquaporins demonstrate water channel capacity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".