Effects of Manure Management and Nitrogen Levels on Soil Organic Carbon in the Northern Guinea Savanna, Nigeria
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A two years study was carried out in two locations at Institute for Agricultural Research and the Samaru College of Agriculture Farms (Lat. 11° 11’’ and Long. 7° 38’’) in the Northern Guinea Savanna zone of Nigeria. The study aimed at investigating the effects of cow dung management practices, time of application when combined with inorganic fertilizer (urea) and their direct and residual effects on organic carbon content of the soil. The treatments consisted of three cow dung management practices, four different storage times after one month ageing and two levels of nitrogen. There was a control treatment where no cow dung or nitrogen fertilizer was applied. The study was a factorial experiment with three factors, laid out in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. The manure amended treatments were generally higher than the control treatments in the two years and at both direct and residual effects. This showed that the addition of cow dung actually increased the organic carbon content of the soil. However, the highest organic carbon value for 2003 and 2004 years of direct effects, at 4 WAP were on treatments pit covered May (54.5 g kg -1 and 49.0 g kg -1 respectively), while the lowest values were observed on the control treatments (30.7 g kg -1 and 24.7 g kg -1 respectively). The management practices and the time (month) of application did not show any significant effect on the content of the soil organic matter of the soil.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it