The effect of initial tree-planting density on timber and wood-fuel properties of red alder and sycamore
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Studies on red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) were carried out to assess their timber and wood-fuel properties when grown at wide spacing as in a silvopastoral system. Initial tree-planting density had significant effects on the modulus of elasticity (MOE) in red alder and compression strength in sycamore. Wood samples taken from red alder in high-density plots of 2500 stems·ha 1 had a significantly higher MOE than those from trees in low-density plots of 400 stems·ha 1 (silvopastoral system). Sycamore wood from the high-density plots had significantly higher compression strength than that from the low-density plots. However, there was no significant effect of planting density on the modulus of rupture in either species. On average, red alder had lower wood density, modulus of rupture, and compression strength than sycamore, but there was no significant difference in MOE between the two species. Planting density did not have any effect on the wood-fuel higher heating value of either red alder or sycamore, nor was there a significant difference in wood-fuel higher heating value between the two species. However, red alder wood had a significantly higher fuel-value index than sycamore, owing to its lower ash content.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it