High-precision measurements in few-electron highly charged ions at the HeidelbergElectron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The research program at the Heidelberg Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) has concentrated mainly on precision measurements relevant to quantum electrodynamics (QED) and nuclear physics. Spectroscopic measurements in the optical region have delivered the most accurate wavelengths ever reported for highly charged ions, extracting even isotopic shifts. The forbidden transitions of B-like Ar XIV and Be-like Ar XV ions were studied. They are especially interesting, since the QED contributions are as large as 0.2%. Improved atomic structure calculations allowed for the determination of their values with growing accuracy. The lifetimes of the corresponding metastable levels have also been measured with an uncertainty of less than 0.5% thus becoming sensitive to the influence of the bound electron anomalous magnetic moment, so far an almost experimentally unexplored QED effect. A new laser spectroscopic setup aims at facilitating future studies of the hyperfine structure of heavy hydrogenic ions. Through the study of the dielectronic recombination, information on rare processes, such as two-electron-one-photon transitions in Ar16+, or the interference effects between dielectronic and radiative recombination in Hg77+, and accurate values for the excitation energies of very heavy HCI have been obtained. A novel X-ray crystal spectrometer allowing absolute X-ray wavelength measurements in the range up to 15 keV with very high precision and reproducibility is currently used to study the Lyman series of H-like ions of medium-Z ions and the 2s2p transitions of very heavy Li-like ions. PACS Nos.: 31.30.Jv, 32.80.Fb, 32.80.Dz, 32.30.Jv, 32.30.Rj, 95.30.Dr
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".