Mapping guided Alfvén wave magnetic field amplitudes observed on the ground to equatorial electric field amplitudes in space
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A technique for converting the magnetic field amplitudes of guided toroidal and guided poloidal waves observed on the ground into the equatorial electric field amplitudes of the waves in space is presented. Analytic solutions of the guided toroidal and guided poloidal Alfvén wave equations are used to determine the ratio of the equatorial electric field amplitude to the ionospheric magnetic amplitude, Eeq/bi. Using these solutions, we show that in general Eeq/bi only depends very weakly on the Pedersen conductance, ΣP, and is linearly proportional to the guided Alfvén waves' frequency. We also present numerical solutions of the guided Alfvén wave equations illustrating how the value of Eeq/bi varies as a function of L shell for a range of different realistic field‐aligned plasma density profiles. These results can be used to determine the equatorial wave electric field amplitude, Eeq, in space using the magnetic field amplitude observed on the ground, bg. Accurate estimates of Eeq are crucial to understanding the role and importance of ultralow frequency waves on the energization and radial transport of radiation belt electrons.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".