Transfusion of fresh but not old stored blood reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function after acute myocardial infarction in anemic rats*
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We recently demonstrated that transfusion of fresh blood to 100 g/L hemoglobin in anemic animals offers cardioprotection after acute myocardial infarction. The objective of this study was to compare the cardioprotective effects of fresh vs. stored blood when transfused in anemic rats after acute myocardial infarction. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized animal study. SETTING: University laboratory. SUBJECTS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-300 g. INTERVENTION: Myocardial infarction was induced by coronary artery ligation in 49 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-300 g, 38 of which were anemic (80-90 g/L) and 11 with normal hemoglobin levels. Anemic animals were randomized to receive fresh blood (within 4 hrs), stored blood (7 days), or no transfusion immediately after myocardial infarction. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: At 24 hrs after myocardial infarction, cardiac function, infarct size, and apoptosis were determined. Erythrocyte ATP, 2,3-DPG, hemoglobin, and free hemoglobin levels in the supernatant were determined. Transfusion with fresh but not stored blood significantly decreased infarct size and myocardial apoptosis in anemic rats when compared to anemic animals not undergoing transfusion. Cardiac function and survival were significantly improved in the anemic animals undergoing fresh blood transfusion compared to control anemic animals. Analysis of stored red blood cells showed reductions of intracellular ATP and 2,3-DPG levels and free hemoglobin was increased in the supernatant. CONCLUSIONS: The prolonged storage of blood negates the beneficial effects of fresh blood transfusion, which include reductions in infarct size and myocardial apoptosis, and improvements in cardiac function and short-term survival after acute myocardial infarction in this animal model.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".