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Record W1969683544 · doi:10.3406/espos.2003.2071

Polish and Somali Entrepreneurship and the Building of Ethnic Economies in Toronto

2003· article· fr· W1969683544 on OpenAlex
Lucia Lo, Carlos Teixeira, Marie Truelove

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueEspace populations sociétés · 2003
Typearticle
Languagefr
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicMigration, Ethnicity, and Economy
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSomaliHumanitiesPolitical scienceImmigrationEthnologyEthnic groupSociologyArtPhilosophy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Polonais et Somaliens à Toronto : la construction d'économies ethniques. Les immigrants polonais et somaliens sont bien différents. Les Polonais sont un groupe d'immigrants plus ancien, peu visible bien qu'installé dans des quartiers spécifiques où il a su bâtir des institutions communautaires ; par contre, les Somaliens, groupe d'arrivée récente, sort nettement moins nombreux et n'ont pas encore bâti de structures institutionnelles spécifiques. Cette étude, basée sur une enquête auprès d'entrepreneurs polonais et somaliens arrivés au Canada après 1981, examine leur insertion dans l'économie et la société canadiennes. Le groupe somalien s'appuie davantage sur les ressources de la communauté pour démarrer et soutenir ses entreprises, et rencontre davantage d'obstacles économiques pour établir une économie ethnique. Les résultats suggèrent que la plénitude institutionnelle d'une communauté d'immigrants peut avoir un effet sur le succès de ses entreprises.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.526
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.084
GPT teacher head0.393
Teacher spread0.309 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it