Obstetric Factors Associated With Exclusive Breastfeeding in Japanese Women Who Expected Exclusive Breastfeeding Before Delivery at Term
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: We examined the obstetric factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding at 1 month after singleton delivery at term in Japanese women who expected exclusive breastfeeding before delivery. Methods: We reviewed the obstetric records associated with exclusive breastfeeding at 1 month after singleton delivery at 37 - 41 weeks’ gestation in 600 women who expected exclusive breastfeeding before delivery. Obstetric factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding were selected as follows: maternal age, parity, hypertensive disorders, oxytocin use during labor, delivery mode, neonatal birth weight, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal respiratory disorders requiring supplemental oxygen therapy ≥ 1 hour, early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) after vaginal delivery, neonatal care unit admission and maternal blood loss at delivery. Results: Of the 600 women, 347 women (57.8%) resulted in exclusive breastfeeding for their babies at 1 month after delivery. Using logistic multivariable regression analysis, exclusive breastfeeding was significantly associated with neonatal birth weight ≥ 3,500 g (adjusted OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.37 - 0.94, P = 0.03) and early SSC in cases of vaginal delivery (adjusted OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.0 - 2.6, P = 0.046). In this study, exclusive breastfeeding at 1 month after delivery did not seem to be associated with other obstetric outcomes. Conclusions: There were not any significant obstetric factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding at 1 month after delivery at term. Early SSC in cases of vaginal delivery under safety management seemed to contribute to the increased prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in Japanese women. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4021/jcgo75w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".