Bitumen Extraction from Oil Sands Ore-Water Slurry Using CaO (Lime) and/or Ozone
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Bitumen extraction efficiency is increased in oil sands ore-water slurry based extraction process by increasing solubility of naturally occurred asphaltic acids by addition of CaO (lime) and/or by oxidation of bitumen asphaltenes by Ozone (O3) to surfactant species, at as low as 35 °C temperature. Experimental findings suggest that a non-caustic bitumen extraction process (i.e. without using NaOH as extraction process aid) could be used commercially by conditioning the oil sands ore-water slurry with CaO and/or Ozone, which would allow high extraction efficiencies at about 35 °C temperature, reduce energy consumption and CO2 emission for the extraction of bitumen and eliminate the accumulation of Na+ ions in the recycled release water. Further tests are on-going to provide sufficient data for the commercial implementation of the use of CaO and/or Ozone at oil sands-ore water slurry based extraction plants.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it