Effective Switch From Twice-Daily Pre-Mixed Insulin 50/50 to Liraglutide to Achieve a Good Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) stimulates insulin secretion from pan creatic ? -cells in a glucose-dependent manner. Therapeutic strategies for type 2 diabetes mellitus are focused on the use of GLP-1 analogues. Liraglutide, an acylated analogue of human GLP-1, has been introduced in Japan in 2010. We will show a 70-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus achieving a good glycemic control by switching from twice-daily pre-mixed insulin 50/50 to liraglutide. Measurements of plasma glucose and serum C-peptide levels before and after each meal ingestion and daily urinary C-peptide levels suggested that liraglutide ameliorates glucose metabolism mainly not by the glucose-dependent insulinotropic effect but by amelioration in insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, results from a glucagon-loading test indicated that liraglutide reduced plasma glucose levels not by enhancing insulin secretion but by suppressing glucagon-mediated hepatic glucose output. doi:10.4021/jmc143w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".