Increased steady state uptake of ozone on soot due to UV/Vis radiation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
[1] Oxidative aging of soot particles in the atmosphere may contribute significantly to their climate and human health effects. With their large specific surface area, soot particles are an ideal substrate for heterogeneous reactions. However, these reactions are typically of limited relevance due to deactivation of the surface. Here we show that light in the UV-A and visible (Vis) range significantly enhances the reactivity of soot with ozone. In these laboratory experiments, soot from a propane burner was first “passivated” with ozone (ozone mixing ratio of 300 pbb) for 15 h before ozone uptake was measured in presence of UV radiation. Passivated soot was shown to be reactivated during irradiation with a 4 times higher steady state ozone uptake rate as compared to dark conditions. The uptake increased even by a factor of 15 when humidity (95% relative humidity) was introduced into the system. Possible mechanisms of ozone uptake are discussed. Further analysis using near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy and contact angle measurements showed a decrease of oxygenated functional groups in the soot upon exposure to ozone and ozone in combination with light.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".