Size‐selective oviposition by parasitoids and the evolution of life‐history timing in hosts: fixed preferences vs frequency‐dependent host selection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The influence of size‐selective oviposition behaviour by parasitoids on the evolution of life‐history timing in their hosts was examined using an optimization model of a two‐stage life history similar to a genetic algorithm. Host populations with varying durations of early‐larval development were subjected to selection in scenarios where parasitoids had fixed preferences for oviposition on late‐stage larvae, or those where parasitoid attack was dependent on the relative frequencies of the two life stages present in the population. Fixed preference for oviposition on late‐stage larvae caused positive directional selection on the duration of early‐larval development. Surviving individuals remained for as long as possible in the first stage of development in order to avoid parasitoid attack. Frequency‐dependent parasitoid attack, in contrast, caused maintenance of variation in the duration of early‐larval development. The influence of the fitness payoffs of different life stages on the plasticity of size‐selective oviposition behaviour is discussed, as are possible implications of the model results for parasitoid‐host population dynamics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".