Experimental Investigation of Perforated Plate Turbulent Flow Past a Solid Sphere
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As the first stage of a comprehensive investigation of turbulence effect on the aerodynamics of sphere, the effect of freestream turbulence on the wake generated behind a sphere is investigated in this study. A 10 cm (4 in) diameter plastic sphere was placed in a wind tunnel of cross section 75 cm by 75 cm. The freestream turbulence was generated by fixing a perforated plate to the entrance of the test section. The wake was characterized using a normal constant-temperature hotwire at 30D, 40D and 50D (11.25d, 15d & 18.75d respectively) downstream of the sphere (where D = 3.75 cm is the diameter of the perforated plate hole, and d is the diameter of the sphere). The Reynolds number of the flow, based on the mean velocity and the diameter of the sphere, was 6.6 × 104. Based on the instantaneous velocity measurement, Kolmogorov length scale, integral length scale and relative turbulence intensity in the wake were deduced.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".