An Approach to Visualize the Deformation of the Intermediate Filament Cytoskeleton in Response to Locally Applied Forces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The intermediate filament (IF) cytoskeleton plays an important role in integrating biomechanical pathways associated with the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. Vimentin is a type III IF protein commonly found in fibroblast cells and plays a role in transmitting forces through the cytoskeleton. Employing simultaneous laser scanning confocal and atomic force microscopy (AFM), we developed a methodology to quantify the deformation of the GFP-vimentin-labeled IF cytoskeleton as a function of time in response to force application by the AFM. Over short times (seconds), IFs deformed rapidly and transmitted force throughout the entire cell in a highly complex and anisotropic fashion. After several minutes, mechanically induced displacements of IFs resemble basal movements. In well-adhered cells the deformation of IFs is highly anisotropic as they tend to deform away from the longitudinal axis of the cell. This study demonstrates that simultaneous AFM and LSCM can be employed to track the deformation and dissipation of force through the IF cytoskeleton.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".