Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nanostructured manganese oxide films for electrochemical supercapacitors were obtained by cathodic electrosynthesis from aqueous NaMnO4 solutions. The proposed deposition mechanism is based on cathodic reduction of MnO4− species. The amount of the deposited material has been controlled by the variation of deposition time at a constant current density. Obtained films were studied by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis. It was found that the composition and microstructure of the films depend on the concentration of NaMnO4 in the solutions used for deposition. The films prepared from the 0˙02M NaMnO4 solutions were crack free and porous with typical pore size of about 100–200 nm. Cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry data for the films tested in the 0˙1M Na2SO4 solutions showed capacitive behaviour in the voltage window of 0–1˙0 V versus standard calomel reference electrode. The highest specific capacitance of ∼220 F g−1 was obtained for 90 μg cm−2 films at a scan rate of 2 mV s−1 using Ni substrates. The capacitance decreased with increasing scan rate. The charge storage mechanism is discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".